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研究生中文姓名:陳佳欣
研究生英文姓名:Chia-Hsin Chen
中文論文名稱:核心反應訓練對國小自閉症學童相互注意協調能力成效之研究
英文論文名稱:Pivotal Response Training on Joint Attention of Elementary School Students with Autism
指導教授姓名:王大延
蔡昆瀛
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:臺北市立教育大學
系所名稱:特殊教育學系身心障礙教育教學碩士學位班(夜)
論文出版年:99
畢業學年度:99
語文別:中文
論文頁數:146
中文關鍵詞:自閉症相互注意協調能力核心反應訓練
英文關鍵字:autismjoint attentionpivotal response training
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摘要

本研究旨在探討核心反應訓練對國小自閉症學童相互注意協調能力
之成效。以台北市三名國小中度及重度自閉症學童為研究對象,研究方
式採用單一受試並行處理設計,結合跨受試多基線和交替處理設計,自
變項為核心反應訓練,依變項為眼神交替及展示等相互注意協調能力。
三位參與者各進行八至十二週之研究,包括基線期、介入期、維持期及
類化探測期,再以視覺分析進行資料分析,並透過核心反應訓練教學成
效評估表,瞭解核心反應訓練教學成效滿意度與看法以進行社會效度分
析。綜合研究結論如下:
一、 三位參與者經過核心反應訓練後,眼神交替及展示等目標行為出現百分比,較基線期高出許多,顯示核心反應訓練對增進自閉症學童眼神交替及展示等相互注意協調能力具立即效果。
二、 在撤除核心反應訓練後,眼神交替及展示等目標行為出現百分比無下降趨勢,顯示核心反應訓練對增進自閉症學童眼神交替及展示等相互注意協調能力具維持效果。
三、 在社區情境中,眼神交替及展示等目標行為出現百分比能維持效果,顯示核心反應訓練對增進自閉症學童眼神交替及展示等相互注意協調能力具類化效果。
四、 在家長及教師回饋表中顯示,核心反應訓練能提升自閉症學童
相互注意協調能力。
根據上述結論,研究者分別對實務教學與未來相關研究提出具體建議。
Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect on joint attention of elementary school students with autism by giving pivotal response training. The subjects were three elementary school students with autism who had moderate to severe disability. The parallel treatment design was used in this study. The independent variable was pivotal response training. The dependent variables of this study was eye alternating and showing of joint attention. The study was proceeded for eight to twelve weeks, including baseline, intervention, maintenance and generalization phases . The data was analyzed by using visual inspection techniques, and the questionaarie as the social validity was also analyzed.
The results are showed as follows:
(a) After PRT, three students could surpass baseline performance level of eye alternating and showing of joint attention.
(b) The effects also continued after discontinuing the instruction PRT, and
showed that the effect on joint attention of three students could be maintained.
(c) PRT could generalize the effect to untrained setting, such as community.
(d)Parents and teachers’ responses indicated that they support the the effect
on joint attention of their children after intervention.
The findings of the study suggest for teaching and future research were discussed.
目 次
目次……………………………………………………………………i
表次……………………………………………………………………iii
圖次……………………………………………………………………v
第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究動機與目的………………………………………1
第二節 研究問題………………………………………………6
第三節 名詞釋義………………………………………………7
第二章 文獻探討……………………………………………………9
第一節 相互注意協調能力在一般學童之發展………………9
第二節 相互注意協調能力在自閉症學童之發展……………19
第三節 核心反應訓練理論及其在自閉症學童相互注意協調能力之相關研究…………………………………………29
第四節 自閉症學童相互注意協調能力教學相關研究………44
第三章 研究方法……………………………………………………53
第一節 研究設計………………………………………………53
第二節 研究對象………………………………………………60
第三節 研究工具………………………………………………68
第四節 教學實驗課程…………………………………………70
第五節 研究程序………………………………………………74
第六節 資料處理與分析………………………………………77
第四章 結果與討論…………………………………………………81
第一節 參與者甲相互注意協調能力資料分析………………81
第二節 參與者乙相互注意協調能力資料分析………………87
第三節 參與者丙相互注意協調能力資料分析………………92
第四節 核心反應訓練社會效度分析…………………………99
第五節 綜合討論………………………………………………103
第五章 結論與建議…………………………………………………111
第一節 結論……………………………………………………111
第二節 研究限制………………………………………………113
第三節 研究建議………………………………………………114
參考文獻
中文部分…………………………………………………………117
英文部分…………………………………………………………120
附錄
附錄一 家長同意書……………………………………………131
附錄二 增強物及興趣調查表…………………………………132
附錄三 分享式注意力發展檢核表……………………………133
附錄四 相互注意協調能力紀錄表……………………………138
附錄五 介入課程結構…………………………………………139
附錄六 家長回饋表……………………………………………140
附錄七 教師回饋表……………………………………………141
附錄八 教學程序檢核表………………………………………142
附錄九 教學用教具列表及教學情境設計表…………………143
壹、中文部分

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立臺北教育大學特殊教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
王識敦(民98)。行為動力論對國小輕中度智能障礙學童清潔工作之影響。國立花
蓮教育大學身心障礙與輔助科技研究所碩士論文,未出版,花蓮縣。
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辛怡葳(民91)。中樞系統反應訓練對增進國中自閉症學生自發性社會溝通行為成
效之研究。臺北市立師範學院身心障礙教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
宋維村(民85):自閉症與配對組智能不足兒童之相互注意協調能力、情緒分享
能力、語言發展之追蹤比較研究。國科會獎助報告,NSC85- 2413-Hw002-004。
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林儀婷(民95)。自閉症幼兒相互注意力介入研究-遊戲取向。國立臺北教育大
學特殊教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
馮士軒(民92)。同儕核心反應訓練對增進國小自閉症兒童社會互動成效之研究。
國立彰化師範大學特殊教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化。
姜忠信(民88)。自閉症兒童意圖能力之研究。國立台灣大學心理學研究所博士論文,台北。
吳進欽、姜忠信、虞燕婷(2010):自閉症類幼兒社會注意力的探究。中華心理學刊,52,57-74。
姜忠信、宋維村(民90):自閉症患者相互注意協調能力的發展-回顧與前瞻。自
閉症學術論文集,125-143。
姜忠信、宋維村(民91)。學齡前自閉症兒童相互注意協調能力的發展。中華心
理衛生學刊,15(1),29-46。
姜忠信、宋維村(民94)。自閉症嬰幼兒的早期診斷:文獻回顧。臨床心理學刊,1(2),1-10。
柯淑惠(民97)。核心反應訓練對學齡前自閉症兒童社交技巧之成效研究。國立彰
化師範大學復健諮商研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化。
許天威(民92)。個案實驗研究法。台北:五南。
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黃鈺菁(民95)。學齡前自閉症兒童分享式注意力學習成效之研究。彰化師範大
學特殊教育學系碩士論文,未出版,彰化縣。
楊宗仁(民96)。自閉症兒童早期介入目標之探討。論文發表於國立台北教育大
學特殊教育學系主辦之「2007 年特教理論與實務的對話」學術研討會論文集,台北。
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國立嘉義大學特殊教育學系研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義。
虞燕婷 (民96)。自閉症類幼兒的注意力定向能力之研究。國立台灣大學心理學研究所,未出版,高雄。
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鍾佳蓁(民94)。核心反應訓練對學齡前自閉症兒童象徵遊戲行為學習成效之研
究。國立彰化師範大學特殊教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化。

























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